Scrum

Top Scrum Master and Agile Question & Answers


✔ What is the User story INVEST Model in Agile?

A good user story should be:

Independent (of all others)
Negotiable (not a specific contract for features)
Valuable (or vertical)
Estimable (to a good approximation)
Small (so as to fit within an iteration)
Testable (in principle, even if there isn’t a test for it yet)


What is the Agile Onion Model?

Vision
Roadmap
Release
iteration
daily

For more details read here –
https://www.productplan.com/blog/agile-planning-onion/


What is the important role of Scrum Master?

  • Making the process run smoothly
  • Removing impediments that impact productivity
  • Organizing and facilitating the critical meeting
  • Facilitates the Scrum process and Team self-organization
  • Removes obstacles or impediments
  • Shields the team from interference


What are the services of ScrumMaster to the Scrum Team?

The ScrumMaster serves the Scrum Team in several ways, including:

  • Coaching the Scrum Team in self-organization and cross-functionality.
  • Helping the Scrum Team to create high-value products.
  • Removing impediments to the Scrum Team’s progress.
  • Facilitating Scrum events as requested or needed.
  • Coaching the Scrum Team in organizational environments in which Scrum is not yet fully adopted and understood.

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What are the services of ScrumMaster towards Organization?

The ScrumMaster serves the organization in several ways, including:

  • Leading and coaching the organization in its Scrum adoption.
  • Planning Scrum implementations within the organization.
  • Helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact Scrum and
  • empirical product development.
  • Causing change that increases the productivity of the Scrum Team.
  • Working with other ScrumMasters to increase the effectiveness of the
  • application of Scrum in the organization.


Who is called servant leader?

The Scrum Master is a servant-leader for the Scrum Team. Servant Leader whose focus is on the needs of the team members and those they serve (the customer).


What is a Burndown Chart?

Burndown charts, although not mandated by the Scrum framework, are a common tool to measure and visualize progress. Simply put, they visually show the amount of work left to do in the remaining period of time.

A burndown chart is a graphical representation and a tool for collecting that project data. Using a burndown chart is a means of seeing how much work is left and how much time there is to do it.
The burndown chart shows the total effort against the amount of work for each iteration.
A burndown chart is a graphic representation of how quickly the team is working through a customer’s user stories.


What is a Velocity Chart?

A velocity chart shows the amount of work a team can complete per Sprint. To get the velocity, divide the amount of work done by the time it took to complete it.


What is the meaning of Velocity?

Velocity is the average amount of work a scrum team completes during a sprint, measured in either story points or hours, and is very useful for forecasting.
Let’s say the product owner wants to complete 500 story points in the backlog. We know that the development team generally completes 50 story points per iteration. The product owner can reasonably assume the team will need 10 iterations (give or take) to complete the required work.


What is a BurnUp Chart?

A burn-up chart is a tool used in Scrum projects. It is a visual representation of a team’s work process. It displays the scope of a project and the work completed. Using a burn-up chart, a team can easily track their progress as they work towards the completion of a sprint.


What are the core values of scrums?

The Scrum Guide lists five values that all Scrum teams share:
commitment, courage, focus, openness, and respect.


Can scrum master assign tasks to the team?

The ScrumMaster should never be assigning tasks to team members under any circumstances.


What is Defect Density?

Defect Density is the number of defects confirmed in software/module during a specific period of operation or development divided by the size of the software/module. It enables one to decide if a piece of software is ready to be released. Defect density is counted per thousand lines of code also known as KLOC.


✔ What are the responsibilities of PO?

One of the most important responsibilities for a scrum product owner is managing the product backlog. This is the development team’s project to-do list. The product owner’s responsibility is to create the list of backlog items and prioritize them based on the overall strategy and business objectives.


What is the size of the development team in Scrum?

The size of the development team is between 3 and 9 people, period. The reasons for this are clearly stated in the scrum guide.


What is the feature of a good scrum team?

Self-organizing – They decide how to turn Product Backlog Items into working solutions.
Cross-functional – As a whole, they’ve got all the skills necessary to create the product Increment.
No titles – Everyone is a Developer, no one has a special title.
Committed – to achieving the Sprint Goal and delivering a high-quality increment.
Trust – Great Development Teams trust each other.


How can we split a user story into tasks?

Break down the user stories by workflows.
Split user stories in Agile by Cutting the user stories by complexity.
Split user stories by Breaking down the user stories by browser/platform
Split the user stories by business rules
Divide the user stories by CRUD type of operations
Split user stories by acceptance criteria


What is the sprint completion ratio?

This is the number of stories completed in a sprint versus the number of stories that were committed. So if a team puts ten stories into a sprint, and completes seven of them, they have a completion ratio of 70%.


What is the purpose of release planning?

The purpose of release planning within the Agile methodology is to ensure the product is always moving in the right direction and that logical releases are frequently happening.
The primary purpose of release planning is to make a plan to deliver an increment to the product. It is done in the interval of every 2 to 3 months.


What is a product backlog?

A product backlog is a list of the new features, changes to existing features, bug fixes, infrastructure changes, or other activities that a team may deliver in order to achieve a specific outcome.


What is product backlog vs Sprint Backlog?

The Product Backlog contains all the items in the software development project. The Sprint Backlog contains only the items of the Backlog specific to the current Sprint. Sprint Backlogs are the songs. The complete Product Backlog is the album.


What is DSDM?

Dynamic System Development Methodology(DSDM). It is an agile framework for software projects. It was used to fine-tune the traditional approaches. DSDM is an Agile method that focuses on the full project lifecycle.


Who is responsible for ROI in Scrum?

The Product Owner is responsible for maximizing return on investment (ROI) by identifying product features, translating these into a prioritized list (Product Backlog) deciding which should be at the top of the list for the next Sprint, and continually re-prioritizing and refining the list (Refining the Backlog).


What is Sprint length?

It is usually of duration two weeks or one month, and this duration remains constant for all the sprints in the project. We cannot have varying durations for the different sprints in a project.


What is the Sprint Planning meeting?

The work to be performed in the Sprint is planned in the Sprint Planning Meeting.
Sprint Planning Meeting is of the duration of a maximum of four hours for two weeks sprints and eight hours for one-month Sprints. It is the responsibility of the Scrum Master to ensure that the meeting takes place and that all the required attendees are present and understand the purpose of the scheduled meeting.


What is the sprint cycle time?

Cycle time is a measure of the elapsed time when work starts on an item (story, task, bug, etc.) … until it’s ready for delivery.


What are the traits of a scrum master?

resourceful
Empathic
inspiring
dominative


✔ What is a Version report?

With the Version Report, we can monitor the team’s progress towards the completion of a version. The Version Report also shows you the predicted Release Date, based on your team’s average rate of progress (velocity) since the start of the version, and the estimated amount of work remaining.


✔ What is the release burdown report?

The release burndown chart shows the team’s progress towards the release date by plotting the remaining effort against the ideal effort. If the remaining effort line or bar is above the ideal effort, the team is behind the schedule.


✔ What is a sprint report?

The Sprint Report shows the list of issues in each sprint. It is useful for your Sprint Retrospective meetings, and also for mid-sprint progress checks.


✔ What is the leadership style of a scrum master?

Scrum master follows facilitative leadership style. A Scrum Master is a coach and facilitator and coaches the development team in executing Agile practices to complete the work the Product Owner prioritizes.


What is MoSCoW Prioritization?

MoSCoW prioritization, also known as the MoSCoW method or MoSCoW analysis, is a popular prioritization technique for managing requirements. The acronym MoSCoW represents four categories of initiatives: must-have, should-have, could-have, and won't-have, or will not have right now.

Must (Mo) – The requirements that are critical and must be applied to a product as a matter of priority. Even if one of them is not taken into account, the release is considered to be unfulfilled.
Should (S) – Requirements important but not critical for the release. Such requirements are not very sensitive to time.
Could (Co) – Desirable but not mandatory requirements for your release. These are usually low-cost improvements for the product.
Won’t Have (W) — Won’t Have user stories are those in which everyone has agreed not to deliver this time around. You may keep it in the backlog for later, if or when it becomes necessary to do so.


What are the three components of the empirical process?

Empirical process control relies on the three main ideas of transparency, inspection, and adaptation.


Who estimates backlog items?

The Development Team after clarifying requirements with the Product Owner.


When are product backlog items prioritized?

The product owner can update the items of the product Backlog at any time or make decisions as appropriate. Item prioritization is a continuous process.


Who can prioritize backlog items?

The product owner sets the product backlog items in the order in terms of priority. The highest priority items fall to the top of the backlog while lower priority items fall to the bottom.


What is an increment in Scrum?

The Increment is the sum of all the Product Backlog items completed during a Sprint and all previous Sprints. It just means that your increment better works with what you have developed so far.

Top Scrum Master and Agile Question


Who creates the increment in scrum?

Only members of the Development Team create the Increment.


What is the role of PO during sprint planning meetings?

During the sprint planning meeting, the product owner describes the highest priority features to the team. The team asks enough questions that they can turn a high-level user story of the product backlog into the more detailed tasks of the sprint backlog.


Who manages the team’s work during a sprint?

The scrum team itself is responsible for managing each sprint.


Who is a product manager?

A product manager is a person who identifies the customer’s needs and the larger business objectives that a product or feature will fulfill.
Product managers are embedded within teams of specialists, Researchers, analysts, and marketers while developers and designers manage the day-to-day execution, draw-up designs, test prototypes, and functionalities development.


What is the difference between a Product Manager and a Product Owner?

Product Manager works with outside stakeholders while Product Owner works with internal stakeholders.
Manager helps to define the product vision while the Owner Helps teams execute on a shared vision.
PM Outlines what success looks like while PO Outlines the plan for achieving success.
PM Owns vision, marketing, ROI. PO Owns team backlog and fulfillment work.
PM Works at a conceptual level while PO is Involved in day-to-day activities.


What is the difference between PM and scrum master?

While a Scrum master makes sure their team follows Scrum principles, project managers oversee the entirety of a project, including logistics like budget and risk.
A Scrum Master is a role embedded specifically on a Scrum team, whereas a project manager refers to the professional leading virtually any type of project.
A project manager helps manage the project timeline, resources, and scope in order to meet business requirements. A Scrum Master, however, helps ensure the scrum team is successful.


Who can role in absence of a scrum master? PM, BA, or developer team?

The representative of the Scrum Master can also be the Product Owner. It is a person who knows the product, knows what is in the backlog, and knows the principles of Scrum.
A good representative can be somebody from the customer, business analyst, or a stakeholder.


What is the difference between Agile and Scrum?

Agile is a set of principles and scrum is a framework for getting it done.


What is a time box meeting?

Timeboxing is allotting a fixed, maximum unit of time for an activity. That unit of time is called a time box. The goal of timeboxing is to define and limit the amount of time dedicated to an activity.


Who participates in the refinement of the product backlog?

Every member of the Scrum Team is responsible for Product Backlog Refinement:
The Product Owner: building the right thing;
The Development Team: building the thing right;
The Scrum Master: ensuring feedback and empiricism throughout these activities.

Top Scrum Master and Agile Question


When can a Sprint be canceled?

Whenever the Product Owner says.
The power to cancel the Sprint lies only with the Product Owner. He/She can call to cancel an ongoing Sprint when the Sprint Items are no longer required by the business.


How can we split a User story?

When you are writing Acceptance Criteria for a User Story and the list keeps growing and growing (or there are multiple scenarios), then it might be a clue that it’s time to split that story into smaller ones.


What is sprint vision?

The product vision in Scrum is a brief statement of the desired future state that would be achieved by developing and deploying a product.


Who attends the daily standup?

According to The Scrum Guide, there are 3 types of scrum team members that could attend a daily standup: Development Team. Scrum Master. Product Owner.


When do we create a spike?

The team may not have knowledge of new technology, and spikes may be used for basic research to ensure the feasibility of the new technology (domain or new approach).


What should a scrum team do during the first sprint?

Develop a plan for the rest of the release. Create the complete Product Backlog to be developed in subsequent sprints. Determine the complete architecture and infrastructure for the product.


What are the 5 scrum ceremonies?

The Sprint, Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective.

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Sprint review meeting members?

scrum team (developer, master, and PO) & Stakeholders (business, customer, management).


If velocity is known, what is the release burndown chart represents?

The release burndown chart shows the team’s progress towards the release date by plotting the remaining effort against the ideal effort. If the remaining effort line or bar is above the ideal effort, the team is behind the schedule.


Who creates the definition of done? Can it be changed based on the feedback of the sprint retro meeting?

The Definition of Done is created by the Scrum Team.
The definition of done can be changed by the development team during the sprint retrospective. In most cases, it’s a collaboration between the product owner and the development team.


What is the Kickoff meeting?

This refers to the first meeting to formally start a project and usually involves key stakeholders, team members, and clients, depending on the nature of the project.


What is agile project management?

Agile project management is an iterative approach to managing software development projects that focuses on continuous releases and incorporating customer feedback with every iteration.


What is the difference between Waterfall and Agile methodology?

The Waterfall Model methodology is also known as Liner Sequential Life Cycle Model. Waterfall Model is followed in sequential order, and so the project development team only moves to the next phase of development or testing if the previous step is completed successfully.
Agile methodology is a practice that helps continuous iteration of development and testing in the software development process.
In this model, development and testing activities are concurrent, unlike the Waterfall model. This process allows more communication between customers, developers, managers, and testers.

The waterfall is a Liner Sequential Life Cycle Model whereas Agile is a continuous iteration of development and testing in the software development process.
In the Agile vs Waterfall difference, the Agile methodology is known for its flexibility whereas Waterfall is a structured software development methodology.

Comparing the Waterfall methodology vs Agile which follows an incremental approach whereas the Waterfall is a sequential design process.

Agile performs testing concurrently with software development whereas in Waterfall methodology testing comes after the “Build” phase.

Agile allows changes in project development requirements whereas Waterfall has no scope of changing the requirements once the project development starts.


Where should we not consider Agile?

It is not a useful method for small development projects.
It requires an expert to take important decisions in the meeting.
The cost of implementing an agile method is a little more compared to other development methodologies.
The project can easily go off track if the project manager is not clear about what outcome he/she wants.
Agile methodology works exceptionally well with Time & Materials or non-fixed funding. It may increase stress in fixed-price scenarios.


What are the advantages of the Agile Model?

It is a focused client process. So, it makes sure that the client is continuously involved during every stage.
Agile software development method assures that quality of the development is maintained
Test plan is reviewed after each sprint.
It separates the project development lifecycle into sprints.
In Agile methodology, testing is performed concurrently with software development.


When handling team dynamic, what are the responsibilities of the scrum master?

Scrum Master responsibilities towards Addressing Team Dynamics – A good scrum master encourages the team to follow Scrum and also ensures the team has a more productive environment. Provide guidance to the team on how they can become Self-organized to achieve the Sprint goals.

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Top Scrum Master and Agile Question & Answers

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